传热规律对卡诺热泵有限时间(火用)经济最优性能的影响

本文导出了一种较为普遍的传热规律 q∝△(T~n)时内可逆卡诺热泵的最佳供热系数、利润率关系,并藉此讨论了几种传热规律时内可逆卡诺热泵的有限时间(火用)经济最优性能,得到了一些新的普适结果。     

The causal nexus between military spending and unemployment in the G7: a bootstrap panel causality test

We revisit the causal relationship between military spending and unemployment in the G7 countries applying a bootstrap panel causality analysis that accounts for both cross-sectional dependence and for heterogeneity across countries. Using per capita real GDP as a controlled variable, we found a unidirectional causality running from military spending to unemployment for Canada, Japan, and the US, one-way causality running from unemployment to military spending for France and Germany, and bidirectional causality for Italy and the UK. The empirical evidence does not seem to provide consistent results regarding the causal relationship between military spending and unemployment in G7 countries.     

建筑物内部电场强度分布特性数值模拟研究

为解决建筑物内部空间电场强度分布难以量化的问题,采用时域有限差分（FDTD）法,对以平面波为激励源,二阶Mur收边界条件的闭合规则建筑物、非规则加窗建筑物和含钢筋非规则加窗建筑物3种模型结构内部电场强度分布特性进行模拟,并通过FEKO软件对计算结果的有效性进行验证。结果表明：普通混凝土材质的建筑物对平面波电场几乎无屏蔽效能;吸波混凝土材质的建筑物对平面波电场的屏蔽效能也较为有限,且随激励源频率的增加,在建筑开窗区域附近的谐振性增强,屏蔽性减弱;通过对植入钢筋墙体建筑物采用细线FDTD法的场强分布计算,证明金属钢筋可提高建筑围护结构的屏蔽效能。     

三维模型大尺度坐标测量辅助设计与评估方法

针对大尺度产品三维模型坐标测量信息缺乏和面向任务坐标测量结果质量评价困难的问题,引入新一代产品几何量技术规范(GPS),提出了基于CATIA二次开发技术的坐标测量辅助设计方法,设计了CAD与CMM集成的XML数据结构,建立了坐标测量数据的UML模型;实现了符合新一代GPS要求的测量方案脚本化描述,开发了部分数据处理算法;提出了基于Monte Carlo方法的坐标测量不确定度评估方案和流程。基于以上技术开发了基于三维模型的大尺度坐标测量设计与评估系统并应用于飞机装配中的部件位姿测量,结果表明,设计的测量方案能够满足飞机柔性装配对接的要求,验证了上述方法的有效性。     

全长和埋入式组合抗滑桩在挖断村滑坡中的应用

重庆市奉节县挖断村滑坡规模巨大,滑坡体长180~250m,滑坡体厚15~35m,剩余下滑力达5 337 kN/m,采用了前排全长后排埋入式的新型组合抗滑支挡技术,大大节省了工程投资。介绍了这种新型组合抗滑结构的设计方法,重点介绍了桩的长度计算、各桩承担滑坡推力计算、治理后的监测数据。工程竣工2年的监测数据表明滑坡变形趋于稳定,说明采用全长和埋入式组合抗滑桩治理该滑坡是有效的。     

基于改进烟花算法的ELM分类模型

针对极限学习机(Extreme Learning Machine,ELM)的性能必须依赖于大量隐层节点的问题,提出了基于改进烟花算法(Improved Fireworks Algorithm,IFWA)的ELM分类模型。用改进的烟花算法进行迭代搜索,求得N个最优的烟花;选择ELM测试数据集的RMSE作为改进烟花算法的适应度值函数,来优化ELM每个隐层节点的输入权值和偏置,使得节点的决策水平提高,从而使ELM的决策性能显著提高;采用KDD99数据集验证表明:改进烟花算法的极限学习机(IFWAELM)能够以较少的隐层节点得到更高的测试平均正确率,提高了极限学习机的泛化性能。5种同类算法性能对比实验也表明IFWAELM是效果最优的。     

基于广义标准轨迹的平衡滑翔状态反馈制导方法

对多约束条件下远程助推滑翔飞行器再人滑翔飞行问题,提出了一种基于广义标准轨迹的平衡滑翔状态反馈制导方法.建立了远程助推滑翔飞行器的动力学模型,确定了飞行轨迹约束条件,详细阐述了基于广义标准轨迹的平衡滑翔状态反馈制导方法的制导原理,设计了远程助推滑翔飞行器的侧向和纵向制导律,并采用LQR( linear quadratic regular)方法设计了纵向制导参数,仿真验证了该方法的可行性.与以往再人滑翔制导方法不同,该制导方法主要利用飞行攻角的变化来调节飞行轨迹,飞行过程中飞行器的速度倾侧角较小.仿真结果表明,该制导方法能满足远程助推滑翔飞行器的再入滑翔制导问题,并且具有较好的鲁棒性和自适应性.     

A combination of Lagrangian relaxation and column generation for order batching in steelmaking and continuous‐casting production

This article considers the order batching problem in steelmaking and continuous‐casting production. The problem is to jointly specify the slabs needed to satisfy each customer order and group all the slabs of different customer orders into production batches. A novel mixed integer programming model is formulated for the problem. Through relaxing the order assignment constraints, a Lagrangian relaxation model is then obtained. By exploiting the relationship between Lagrangian relaxation and column generation, we develop a combined algorithm that contains nested double loops. At the inner loop, the subgradient method is applied for approximating the Lagrangian dual problem and pricing out columns of the master problem corresponding to the linear dual form of the Lagrangian dual problem. At the outer loop, column generation is employed to solve the master problem exactly and adjust Lagrangian multipliers. Computational experiments are carried out using real data collected from a large steel company, as well as on large‐scaled problem instances randomly generated. The results demonstrate that the combined algorithm can obtain tighter lower bound and higher quality solution within an acceptable computation time as compared to the conventional Lagrangian relaxation algorithm. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011     

用建模前估计法辨识飞行器的气动参数

给出了一种利用飞行器飞行试验实测数据估算飞行器气动参数的建模前估计算法，完成了某轴对称无控飞行器的非线性气动参数辨识。计算结果表明：该方法计算过程简单、迅速，可以作为快速估算飞行器气动参数的有力手段，尤其适合于辨识大攻角下的气动参数。     

广生灭过程的积分型随机泛函

讨论了广生灭过程的积分型随机泛函的概率分布，给出了分布的拉氏变换所满足的差分方程，且求出了它们的解